Baren Digest Friday, 4 October 2002 Volume 21 : Number 1982 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- From: Ray Hudson Date: Thu, 03 Oct 2002 09:03:42 -0400 Subject: [Baren 19408] Munakata once again I came away from the Munakata exhibit in Philadelphia determined to change my life. Let me try to explain. I often look at a woodcut, amazed, and wonder how the artist achieved a certain effect or deeply moved by the image. With several of MunakataÕs prints I found myself simply speechless and, if thereÕs such a word, mind-less. Their sheer power transcends technique and yet they offer a myriad of techniques to reflect on. Among those is the preservation of spontaneity through the restricted use of specific tools (using one type of chisel for an entire print), through variations in tone in the black ink, and even through the presence of "smudges" at the borders. Jim mentioned the physicality of the prints and the extraordinary skill in printing. "In Praise of the Sea and the Mountains" is a huge work mounted on two screens (as are several others), but thank goodness they had a bench in from of that one as I stared at it endlessly. And then I would turn around and stare endlessly at the 17 naked women dancing through two huge framed panels in praise of BeethovenÕs 9th symphony. Then IÕd go get something to eat at the cafeteria and come back and gawk some more. There are, of course, much smaller works: "The Red Fuji", "The Black Line below Mount Fuji", and the amazing gold print of Mount Fuji without a mountain in the print. The exhibit ends in Philadelphia on November 10th; but those able to get to L.A. will be able to see it after that. Ray Hudson (Vermont) ------------------------------ From: Louise Cass Date: Thu, 03 Oct 2002 10:12:58 -0400 Subject: [Baren 19409] Re: Hanga Paper I have to add a few cents more to this discussion - it's not only in hanga that the ink (rather than pigment mentioned by Julio) gets absorbed inro Japanese papers. This is why I like the look of my (simple B&W) hand pulled prints on Japanese papers. For Linda - I use both sized and unsized (Japanese papers- dampened between blotters) and find no real difference. The prints I made for Exchange 14 however are on Rives, etc since it dries flatter and is less expensive. Not having tried hanga (yet!) perhaps these remarks don't apply but shouldn't the principle be the same? Louise Cass At 04:19 PM 10/2/02 -0700, you wrote: >>From Julio: > >> Coverage wise, I think in the western style...the oil ink sits on top of >> the paper. In hanga the pigment gets abosrbed into the paper..thus the >> characteristic bleedthru on the backside of the japanese papers. > >Thanks for bringing this up. I was going to ask this later, as in when I >get closer to printing, but why wait?! > >I understand that it's the sizing which in part controls the absorption of >the pigment, at least when the paper is untouched. But, after doing >serveral impressions, hasn't all the moisture disolved the sizing? Or to >put it another way -- if you start out with a sized paper, will it still be >sized by the time the edition is done? > >How big is the difference in printing between sized and unsized? Should a >beginner used sized papers to learn on? > >BTW, why am I the only beginner asking questions? I'm feeling a bit dumb >and lonely here. Hahaha. > >Linda > > > http://www.LCassArt.com ------------------------------ From: "Maria Arango" Date: Thu, 3 Oct 2002 07:53:57 -0700 Subject: [Baren 19410] Re: Hardwood / softwood question charset > There are > structural differences between the two woods. The water bearing > cells in a > gymnosperm are only tracheids, which as thin, long cells. These tracheids > form loooong columns which is in part why softwoods is easy to work. Is this also why they have those "stringy" looking surfaces and splinter easily? >Ring porous wood, such as oak, catalpa, and >pecan, has concentrations of large vessels in the early growth of wood each >year and then less in the later part of the year. And spaces between the large vessels are responsible for the splintering of oak when cutting? I guess I'm asking what causes splintering of wood...seems like both softwoods and open grained hardwoods have the tendency. And a rethorical question: Isn't it curious that paper with long fibers is the most desired but wood with short fibers is (arguably) the better wood for carving? And another rethorical question: What, oh, what could possibly be in that big, square, heavy box I got today from UPS? :-) Maria, inquiring minds want to know! <><><><><><><><><><><><><><> Maria Arango Las Vegas, Nevada, USA http://www.1000woodcuts.com maria#mariarango.com <><><><><><><><><><><><><><> ------------------------------ From: "Jean Womack" Date: Thu, 3 Oct 2002 08:00:25 -0700 Subject: [Baren 19411] Re: Baren Digest V21 #1981 I agreed that the oily inks look brighter until I saw April Vollmer's prints. It's like comparing apples and oranges. It's a whole different medium with its own set of values. It's a softer kind of brightness. Jean Womack ------------------------------ From: Mike Lyon Date: Thu, 03 Oct 2002 10:19:36 -0500 Subject: [Baren 19412] Re: Hanga Paper At 04:19 PM 10/2/2002 -0700, Linda wrote: >I understand that it's the sizing which in part controls the absorption of >the pigment, at least when the paper is untouched. But, after doing >serveral impressions, hasn't all the moisture disolved the sizing? Or to >put it another way -- if you start out with a sized paper, will it still be >sized by the time the edition is done? > >How big is the difference in printing between sized and unsized? Should a >beginner used sized papers to learn on? Sizing for washi (Japanese paper) is usually glue + alum... it's the alum which makes the paper somewhat less absorbant so that the ink tends to stay where it's put -- unsized paper tends more or less (depends on the paper) to allow the ink to 'run', 'feather', or 'bleed' beyond the printed edge -- in unsized paper the water migrates very rapidly from the wetter (just printed) areas to the drier areas of the paper... The movement is so powerful that it can carry the pigment along, too... I think the alum in the size kinda 'clogs' up the paper a bit so that the water still can migrate (but more slowly), but the pigment is prevented from moving (filtered?)... Good washi, well sized, will behave more or less as you would expect when printed... Unsized paper can behave more like Kleenex does (facial tissue or toilet paper) when you get it wet -- the color doesn't stay put -- it spreads out like crazy -- this can be an interesting effect and can be somewhat controlled by how 'wet' or 'dry' you print... On unsized paper, color can spread out in a 3/4" halo from where it was printed, or it can more or less remain where it was printed depending on the condition (dampness) of the paper and the moisture and paste and pigment proportions and quantities used on the block. Some "unsized" washi made for printmaking seems to work very well for printing -- there must be something (alum?) added to the pulp when the paper is made which allows it to be printed without first having been coated with size... McClain's ( http://www.imcclains.com ) high-end papers include some unsized papers which print very well so long as you print on the 'dry' side for first layers. Mike Mike Lyon mailto:mikelyon#mlyon.com http://www.mlyon.com ------------------------------ From: Mike Lyon Date: Thu, 03 Oct 2002 10:38:48 -0500 Subject: [Baren 19413] Re: Hardwood / softwood question At 07:53 AM 10/3/2002 -0700, Maria wrote: >And spaces between the large vessels are responsible for the splintering of >oak when cutting? I guess I'm asking what causes splintering of wood...seems >like both softwoods and open grained hardwoods have the tendency. Maybe, sorta... My take on oak and similar open-grained woods is that because of the large open fiber bundles, there is inconsistant support to solid wood you are carving... So there's a tendency for the fibers adjacent to those open areas to tear as they are pushed by the tool into the open grain areas... Keeping a fine edge on your tools (and taking shallower strokes) minimizes splintering, as does an acute angle between the tool's cutting edge and the surface of the block (so that the fibers are compressed down as they are cut and not pried up). Mike Mike Lyon mailto:mikelyon#mlyon.com http://www.mlyon.com ------------------------------ From: "PHARE-CAMP,PATTI (HP-USA,ex1)" Date: Thu, 3 Oct 2002 09:32:08 -0700 Subject: [Baren 19414] An Exhibition I Am Participating In The following information is an exhibit I will be participating in. If any of you will be in Northern California during the dates of the exhibit check it out. Some of my past installations can be seen at: http://www.altares.org/ FYI a "calavera" is a skeleton. A Celebration of Remembrance October 12 - November 2, 2002 1604 Del Paso Blvd OPENING RECEPTION: 2nd Saturday October 12, 6 pm,=20 Gallery Hours: Thurs - Sun, 12 - 6 pm ALTARES DEL MUNDO is an exhilarating visual and auditory mix of contemporary and traditional altars that honor ancestral roots and worldwide traditions of remembrance. The exhibit is an opportunity for artists of all cultures to honor their past and their cultural memories. ALTARES DEL MUNDO is produced by an on-going grass-roots committee of artists and administrators, and is generously supported by the California Arts Council, the Sacramento Metropolitan Arts Commission and Matrix Arts. Many thanks to Remy M. of La Bonita Illuminat Gallery and ROP Stagecraft Program. Participating Altaristas include: Alice Fong, Alix E. Peshette, Angela James and Pat Handy, Azucena Cid and Zenaida Lopez-Cid, Barbara Hoffman and Deborah Pittman, Betty White, Brad Davis, Brandy Tuzon, Bruce McKeeman, Cherilyn Naughton, Dale O. Black, Davene Robertson, Ellen Johnson, Eva Arrizon, Gloria Cedillo, Janie Steele, Jean C.Roach, Julia Stagg, Kathleen S. Farros, Kim Hause, Kjersti A. Cochran, Larry Fox, Maggie Frost, Maggie Jimenez, Maryellen and Leo Burns-Dabaghian, Maureene Behan, Michael Robert Pollard, Patti Phare-Camp, Rick Castro, Yvonne Bryte Organizations: ARC Studio 700 and Foxey Fischer, Bannon Creek Elementary with Denise Vogel and Sonia West, Genevieve Didion School and Daphne Burgess, Mexican Cultural Center with Guadalupe Casta=F1eda and Victoria Plata, Natomas High ROP Stagecraft and Mike Jimena, TAG-Jose Lopez, Vet House and Jeff Armstrong The Mexican Cultural Center of Northern California is Proud to present Maria Bonita: La Leyenda de MariaFelix By Dr. Fred Dobb (Federico Films) A presentation with numerous film clips and biographic background. Information celebrating the artistic and cultural legacy of MariaFelix. Sunday October 13th, 6:30 pm at MatrixArts, 1518 Del Paso Blvd. Sacramento, CA 95815 Calavera Workshops by Rhett $20.00 fee includes materials for each 2 day workshop. Wednesday October 23 & Thursday October 24, 7-9 pm. Saturday October 26 & Sunday October 27, 1-3 pm. At MatrixArts, 1518 Del Paso Blvd, Sacramento Call Rhett at 628-1107 for more workshop information Patti Phare-Camp One of the advantages of having so many competing media is that it leaves painting for people who are actually nuts enough to really want to do that. ~Robert Hughes, Art Critic ------------------------------ From: Julio.Rodriguez#walgreens.com Date: Thu, 3 Oct 2002 12:39:02 -0500 Subject: [Baren 19415] Re: a beginners water problems 10/03/2002 12:43:08 PM Maria writes: "..Then I got to the part where it said that the paper had to be kept damp throughout the printing process and I am still (laughing and) wondering how the heck I'm going to do that." Linda writes: "..that keeping the paper moist isn't going to be that much of a problem, since I figure I'll over moisten the block everytime." I am just a beginner too...we all are...I think even David will tell you that in lieu of some of the great hanga printers that have come before....WE are all beginners! So speaking as a beginner who has had many failures let me mention a few things. Please someone correct or add to what I am about to say. Over moistening the block to compensate for the paper won't do....unless your registration is really loose. I won't get into all the details but the expansion of the wet printed areas vs. the dry non printed areas will cause the paper to move funny causing your registration to be off. That's why we moisten the whole sheet. Another problem with too much water on the block is that you won't get a nice even impression & coverage...it will look like crap. Now sometimes that effect is done on purpose....just like printing w/o paste which will cause a certain effect. But in general terms...you do not want ANY water on the block (perhaps a light spray at the beginning to get the block moisten...but that's it!). Let me repeat that ! You don't want any water on the block during printing....too much water is the enemy of good hanga printing. The water coming to the block from your pigment cup and the paste and the saturation build up on your large smoothing brush is enough to get the job done... About keeping the paper moist. I admit Vegas could be a challenge, but as long as you have a refrigerator around... Here is what I do. Beware that Japanese papers are the preferable choice. I buy a full package of Rives Hvy (175GSM) White (20"X26" - 25 sheets at $2.19 per minus my 10% artist discount ). The large plastic that the paper comes in is perfect for holding the paper moist while printing!!!. I go to Kinkos and use their large cutters to cut my full sheets to oban or chuban size. When I get home I take each sheet and using a bottle spray set on fine mist....give it a few squirts up & down from about 12" away. You don't want the thing wet & runny...a mist is good. I moisten only one side of the paper and stack them one in top of the other over moisten newspaper. (Other folks use a large brush to wet their paper and use other stacking options - see the Yoshida book or the links below). After all the papers are moist, I place another piece of moist newspaper on top, the whole thing goes into the plastic bag, close it and I let it sit for a few hours with a light weight on top. After a few hours the moisture has spread on the sheets and they feel cool to the touch...not runny wet or visibly damp. I am ready to print. I now prepare another plastic bag with similar moist newspapers and as I print the edition I barely transfer the sheets from one bag to another..keeping both bags closed during the process and with a light weight on top...a piece of 3/4 ply..a large book or as in my last print...a couple of lp's. If at anytime the paper seems too wet...and is not printing right.....after a while you can telll!.....I open the bag a bit to let the paper stack dry a bit.....or take the next few sheets out so they can air dry a bit...or stack the next sheet inside a blotter (aka newspaper) for a few minutes. If the paper looks too dry (as it may be the case in Vegas) you can remoist the top layer of newspaper which is in contact with the next sheet to be printed..or take your spray bottle and spray a fine mist inside the plastic bag....and after a few minutes the moisture transfers to the paper...the whole idea is too keep the stuff inside the plastic bag on an even status. Anytime you stop for more than an hour or so...in Vegas it may be minutes!....I throw the plastic bag into the refrigerator....not the freezer...the freezer is only when you are going away for a day or more to stop mold....the moist/coolness inside the bag and the lower temp of the frig will keep the paper nice and ready to go at a moment's notice.... repeat for each color block as needed....keep refrigerating...ad infinitum.... Is pretty simple once you try it and it works for me.... read more about water: David learns a lesson: http://barenforum.org/encyclopedia/entries/onepoint/018_29/018_29_frame.html Matt Brown uses towels: http://barenforum.org/encyclopedia/entries/onepoint/018_20/018_20_frame.html Heads & Tails: http://barenforum.org/encyclopedia/entries/onepoint/018_22/018_22_frame.html No water, please! : http://barenforum.org/encyclopedia/entries/onepoint/018_35/018_35_frame.html actually I recommend ALL the one-point lessons should be read...and reread...and reread.... thanks...Julio Rodriguez ------------------------------ From: "Jeanne N. Chase" Date: Thu, 3 Oct 2002 14:08:42 -0400 Subject: [Baren 19416] Re: a beginners water problems Whew, Julio re; Hanga That sounds like a whole lot of work!!!!! I hope I can keep my composure whilst dampening and shuffling all of the "stuff". I have a feeling I will win the booby prize for this one. But, hey, I will give it a go. By the way can I use kitataka paper for this project. Or should I use my lightweight Rives?????? Yours with trepidation. Jeanne ------------------------------ From: Mike Lyon Date: Thu, 03 Oct 2002 13:41:41 -0500 Subject: [Baren 19417] Re: a beginners water problems Maybe just a couple comments to augment Julio's... I agree with Julio that the natural inclination of most beginners is to get EVERYthing too wet (using too much water feels right to beginners, but it is not)... At 12:39 PM 10/3/2002 -0500, Julio wrote: >Over moistening the block to compensate for the paper won't do....unless >your registration is really loose. I won't get into all the details but the >expansion of the wet printed areas vs. the dry non printed areas will cause >the paper to move funny causing your registration to be off. That's why we >moisten the whole sheet. Washi (and most other papers) expand slightly when wet. If you'd like to demonstrate this expansion to yourself, take a piece of copier paper or notebook paper and put some water drops on it or wipe some wet stripes across it with your fingers... As the water soaks in, the paper expands slightly where it's wet and it wrinkles and buckles and curls a bit... Fine washi has a grain (a bit like wood) and expands more across the grain than with the grain... If you don't know the grain direction (usually the grain runs in the long direction of the sheet) you can usually determine it by tearing the paper -- it's harder to tear across the grain than with the grain... You can test the expansion and contraction of the paper you choose by marking the paper with a pencil -- two marks 10" apart with the grain and two marks 10" apart across the grain. Then dampen the paper and wait a few hours before you measure it again. Wouldn't it be great to maintain the results of those measurements in a table on the forum? Quick everybody! Do the measurements on your favorite papers and report the results on baren -- put "MEASURE PAPER" in the subject line and I'll collect the data from your experiments and put them up on a page in the Encyclopedia... If interested, please provide the following: Your name | Paper Name | measure across grain dry | measure across grain wet | measure with grain dry | measure with grain wet washi should be uniformly moist (not WET) -- just relaxed and maybe cool to the cheek -- Western paper usually is made with much shorter fibers than Japanese papers and therefore aren't as strong... Rives lightweight, for example, kinda 'looks' like washi but when it is dampened it becomes very soft, tears easily, immediately "pills" under the baren (you can use it, but you have to use a sheet between the paper and the baren in order to protect the paper... Because of the expansion of paper as it becomes damp, when the edges of paper begin to dry, the dry parts contract and the paper buckles and won't lie flat -- that's the main problem with registration and printing -- it's very difficult (impossible) to maintain good registration and printing when the paper begins to dry out... Amazingly, if the paper begins to buckle, running a damp brush over the drying parts causes the paper to immediately and visibly 'relax' again. This is an oft-used technique in Las Vegas and vicinity! Speaking of brushes... I have always used a cheap 4" paintbrush to dampen my paper (and block)... A few months ago I bought a couple of of the Baren Mall's goat hair brushes (mizu-bake) -- WOW !! Those brushes hold a HUGE amount of water -- the hairs swell when wet and nothing drips out -- but when you touch the brush to paper, the water is applied very smoothly and the brush deflates until the hairs become hard and compressed -- so, when the brush is wet you move it very quickly across the paper, moving slower and slower as the brush loses its charge -- that way you can deposit the water very evenly... Anyway those expensive! mizu-bake are GREAT !!! There are MANY ways printers maintain their paper properly damp between printings. I use a stack of dampened news print. Some printers use damp blotter paper, damp bath towels, special "humidors"... Since I had my first problems with mold growing a week into a two week long printing run, I have added a couple of drops of formalin to my printing water... My next-door-neighbor-the-cardiologist told me not to worry about toxicity, skin absorption, etc... He told me that formalin is not harmful unless ingested (don't breathe the mist, either!)... But that was the end of the mold forever! Refrigeration or freezing is a way to retard the growth of mold, but don't kid yourself -- even in the refrigerator mold still grows -- I'm thinking of that yucky cottage cheese I threw out last week -- ick! At 12:39 PM 10/3/2002 -0500, Julio wrote: >But in general terms...you do not want ANY water on the block (perhaps a >light spray at the beginning to get the block moisten...but that's it!). >Let me repeat that ! You don't want any water on the block during >printing....too much water is the enemy of good hanga printing. The water >coming to the block from your pigment cup and the paste and the saturation >build up on your large smoothing brush is enough to get the job done... My method is to brush water onto the printing areas of the block about 20 minutes before printing... I do it several times, as my blocks are 'thirsty'... I don't varnish the wood or anything like that, and the bare wood surfaces can (depending on the type of wood) soak up a lot of water before they are "ready" for printing -- even so, the first several sheets printed from a new block are 'different' as everything (block, brushes, me) becomes balanced and properly 'conditioned'. I use my cheap paintbrush to apply the 'right' amount of water to the block prior to brushing out for each print... I use much more water than pigment when printing delicate light 'washes' of color. Water is the 'vehicle', paste is the 'binder', and I usually use prepared water colors from tubes for pigment (prepared water color already contains its own binder)... The paste 'thickens' the water -- so into the drizzle of water I applied with my 4" cheapo paintbrush, I apply dabs of dilute (consistency of heavy cream) paste... Then I dab pigment on top of the paste and immediately brush the pigment, paste, and water together (using my printing brush) all over the printing areas and carved-away areas alike... I usually apply these components so that when I have brushed everything out, the surface of the block is "matte" or has a dull "sheen" -- NEVER glossy from standing water/pigment/paste mixture -- glossy is WAY TOO WET... When printing intense color, I use my pigments full strength adding as little water or paste as possible... The effect of the paste is to retard drying and allow the printing of more 'even' areas of color (up to a point)... Without paste, the pigment tends to print onto the paper in little (or BIG if too much water, too) dots... With too much paste, there is more tendency for brush marks to show in the printed area. Even so, I have to print an area several times to approximate a 'smooth' tone without pronounced dots, light spots or brush marks. OK... I guess that's absolutely EVERYthing I know about printing Japanese technique... You can wake up now! :-) Mike Mike Lyon mailto:mikelyon#mlyon.com http://www.mlyon.com ------------------------------ From: Myron Turner Date: Thu, 03 Oct 2002 14:06:21 -0500 Subject: [Baren 19418] Re: Munakata once again Thank you for sharing this exhilarating asethetic encounter with Munakata and for communicating it so well, making it possible for people like me who can't get there to be at least vicariously inspired. I bought the catalogue by mail, as I've mentioned before, and am simply astonished by the sheer volume and magnitude of his output. Myron Turner Myron Turner At 09:03 AM 03/10/2002 -0400, you wrote: >I came away from the Munakata exhibit in Philadelphia determined to >change my life. Let me try to explain. I often look at a woodcut, >amazed, and wonder how the artist achieved a certain effect or deeply >moved by the image. With several of Munakata's prints I found myself >simply speechless and, if there's such a word, mind-less. Their sheer >power transcends technique and yet they offer a myriad of techniques to >reflect on. Among those is the preservation of spontaneity through the >restricted use of specific tools (using one type of chisel for an entire >print), through variations in tone in the black ink, and even through >the presence of "smudges" at the borders. Jim mentioned the physicality >of the prints and the extraordinary skill in printing. "In Praise of >the Sea and the Mountains" is a huge work mounted on two screens (as are >several others), but thank goodness they had a bench in from of that one >as I stared at it endlessly. And then I would turn around and stare >endlessly at the 17 naked women dancing through two huge framed panels >in praise of Beethoven's 9th symphony. Then I'd go get something to eat >at the cafeteria and come back and gawk some more. There are, of >course, much smaller works: "The Red Fuji", "The Black Line below Mount >Fuji", and the amazing gold print of Mount Fuji without a mountain in >the print. The exhibit ends in Philadelphia on November 10th; but those >able to get to L.A. will be able to see it after that. >Ray Hudson (Vermont) ------------------------------ From: Mike Lyon Date: Thu, 03 Oct 2002 14:08:00 -0500 Subject: [Baren 19419] Re: a beginners water problems At 02:08 PM 10/3/2002 -0400, Jeanne N. Chase wrote: >By the way can I use kitataka paper for this project. Or should I use my >lightweight Rives?????? You'll have a better time with the Kitakata than with the Rives lightweight, I think... The Rives was NEVER intended for this kind of printing -- the ink goes into it well but it just isn't strong enough... If you do decide to use it, soak it as usual, blot it, and put it into your damp stack -- it seems to take about three hours to overnight to completely relax. There's also Daniel Smith's Mulberry paper which is somewhat similar to kitakata (even lighter weight) and is also very cheap! My current favorite is Yamaguchi-san's hosho which is available from Baren Mall... I know that I seem to be plugging Mall products today... But the ONLY reason I mention the Yamaguchi paper (and other mall products) is because I like it so much! Mike Mike Lyon mailto:mikelyon#mlyon.com http://www.mlyon.com ------------------------------ From: "Bea Gold" Date: Thu, 3 Oct 2002 15:10:26 -0700 Subject: [Baren 19420] Re: a beginners water problems This is a hanga mystique story. I feel I have gotten the damping process down pretty well (as a beginner). I use a large flat wall painter's pad that has a bottom of fibers and a sponge between that and the handle (very inexpensive). I have a rectangular plastic food container that I use to hold the water and I dip the pad in the water and then pull it across the edge of the pan to make it hold just the right amount of water to wet the paper without dripping. I then use this tool to tear the paper evenly by folding into 1/2, 1/4 or 1/3 sheets running the pad across the fold and tearing. I then stack paper - one brushed with the pad dipped in water and run across the pan edge and one dry. One dry - one brushed etc until all done. I then put the stack on a sheet of wood covered with plastic. I got some large plastic bags from the hospital after surgery ( used for patients to keep their clothes in). They are perfect for holding or covering boards and paper. I turn the end down so what's inside stays moist. I leave the stack overnight or if I need to print sooner I keep it in the bag at least 2 hours. I then open the bag and redistribute the papers so that they are arranged in a way that overlaps put not stacked. Got it? For a couple of hours, covered in the same way as before so as not to dry. When I'm ready to print I once again stack them, smooth side down, the print mark on the wrong side, all in the same corner. I keep the paper under a moist light weight towel while I work and back in the bag between printings. If I have to wait too long between printing I put the board with the paper covered by plastic in the freezer. The paper should not feel wet. It should be cool and smooth and soft. The paper is lovely when the moisture is correct. I do this with paper I have sized for hanga or unsized paper for Shui-yin (Chinese woodcuts). It is then used with paste and color water colors or pigment for Hanga and without paste for Shui-yin. This sounds complicated but it is actually quite fast to do and the paper is a pleasure to work with. Bea Gold ------------------------------ End of Baren Digest V21 #1982 *****************************